Stove or range



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R N O. 0 H A C R. B u d 0 M 0 /N\ STOVE l0B. RANGE.

Patented June 11, 1&895.

Se 6,240@ @am PAT-Eni STOVE OR RANGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent- N o. 540,716, dated JuneA11, 1895. Application filed August 10, 1894;. Serial No. 519,927. (Nomodel.)

fo all whom t may concer/n.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN R'. CAHOONE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steves or Ranges,` ofwhich the following is a specification.,

Myinvention relates in the main to the clasps of stoves and ranges forburning soft or bituminous coal, wherein the objectof the constructionis to effect such perfect combustion that free carbon is substantially.eliminated and the generation of smoke thereby avoided. The mainfeatures of the invention are especially well adapted to a stove orrange of this class which employs a transvere air-duct in thefuel-chamber and I have shown my infenion as applied to a cooking stoveof this The invention will be fully and clearly described hereinafterand its novel features carefully defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal sectionof a stove embodying the invention, the plane of the section beingindicated by the line no in'Fig. 2; and Figs. la and lb illustratedetails of -the stove which will be hereinafter described. Fig. 2isaplan of the stove. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 4illustrates a slightly-different form of the air-duct. Figs. 5 and 6illustrate a slight modication of the construction of the front partofthe stove, Fig-..5 being a vertical section and Fig. 6 a partial frontelevation of the stove. and 8 are detached views, on a larger scale, ofthe peep-window in the side of the stove, Fig. 7 being a verticalsection on line m7 in Fig. 8, and Fig.- 8 a front view. Figs. 9 and 10are detached views of the stove-door, Fig. 9 being a'longitudinalsection on line x9 in Fig. 10, and Fig. 10 a front view, partly brokenaway, to show the construction. Figs. 1l and 12 are similar views toFigs. l9 and l0, illustrating a slightly-dierent construction and theone preferred. Y

-1 represents the oven` of the stove; 2, the flues; 3, the outlet forthe gases; 4, the damper in the line; 5, the ash-box, and 6 the chargingdoor,opening into the fuel-chamber, 7. Across the fuel-chamber is anair-duct, 8, Secured to and pendent from a top-plate, 9,0f

Vof and injury to the duct.

Figs. 7

va protecting tile, 8X, of fire clay, or like refractory material,properly molded to shape and secured to the duct by bolts or screws, andboth the air-duct and its refractory covering have air-jet apertures, 8,by which air is admitted to ignite the gases flowing from thefuel-chamber under the air-duct to the gasduct or flue 10. Both thefuel-chamber and flue lO will be' lined at their ends with properlymolded bricks or tiles, 1'1, of refractory material. ,f

Fig. 4 shows an air-duct of a well known forrn provided with aprotecting tile, 8X, according to my invention, but I prefer the novelconstruction illustrated in Figs. l and 1l. In this construction theair-duct has a pocket, 8b, at its upper part, extending toward the frontof the stove and air-inlets to this'pocket at 9a, in the plate 9. Thisconstruction allows the formation of a large air-space in the upper partof the duct where it will not interfere with the operation of the stove,and the constant influx of air to this space prevents the overheatingPreferably the metal portion of the duct will be cast in two parts, witha joint, as seen at 8 in Fig. la, the parts being secured together by abolt, 8d. Thisfcoustruction is for convenience in casting. `I have notshown the tile 8X fitted to the duct in Fig. 1b, as this may be donewhen the stove is pnt together. The duct is secured to aremovabletop-plate of the stove by screws, or bolts, and when this plate and theattached duct'are removed the entire tire-box or fuelchamber will beopen for inspection and repair. The plate 9 (Fig. 2) is independent ofthe top-plate, 9x, of the other portion of the stove and may be removedwithout disturbing the latter. n The importantgfeature of thisconstruction is to attach the air-duct'S to a removable plate in thertopof the stove so that it may be conveniently lifted Yout withoutdismantling the stove.

The bed, 13, on which the fuel rests is im` IOO acer/1e perforate, theair for combustion entering the fuel-chamber above the fuel, partly fromthe' air-duct 8, partly through apertures in the charging door, andpartly through the hinged stove-front, as will hehereinafter explained.

I prefer to mount in the bed 13, two or more plates, 13X, pivoted attheir ends in the sidewalls of the stove and adapted to close snuglytogether at their beveled edges. These are seen in plan where the figureis broken away in Fig. 2, and one is represented in perspectivein Fig.1a. The purpose of these plateS,- which are similar to butterflyvalves,-is to enable the operator to discharge some of the lighter ashesfrom the bottom of the fire and not to admit air. Each plate or valve13x is independent and may be rocked by means of a detachable wrench orcrank, 12, from the outside of the stove. In order to give stableequilibrium to the valve the stem 13" of the same-see Fig. ll-isflattened on its under side where it rests in its bearing.

To get access to the fuel-chamber for cleaning out the ashes andcinders, I mount the stove-front, 14, on hinges, 14x, so that it may beswung out. In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the hinges 14x are at the top or upperedge of the front 14, so that the latter may turn up; and thehearth-plate, 15, which covers the ash-box, is integrally connected toor cast with said front so that both turn up and back together,asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

When the stove-front is thus thrown open froln the fire-bed 13 up nearlyto the charging door, the ashes and einders may be drawn over the edgeof the bed 13 intothe ash-box, where they fall onto a removable grid,16, set on supporting lugs in the ash-box, This enables the ashes to besifted and the combustible portions returned thereof to the fire-box.

The hinged stove-front 14 will be of metal plate (preferably cast-iron)lined on its inner face with a tire brick or tile, 11x, which, when thefront is closed, forms part of the refractory lining of thefuel-chamber.

Air is admitted at the top of the fuel in the fuel-chamber through thehinged front 14 at apertures, 14, in the metal plate, which open intoupright fines or recesses, 14h, formed in the outer faces of the tiles11, and opening into the fuelchamber at the upper edges of the tiles. Toprevent fuel or cinders from getting into and choking these recesses14h,v a projecting lip, 1", is formed on the front plate of the stovebelow the charging door and arranged to project out over the upper edgeof the tile 11x on the hinged stove-front. The function and operation ofthis lip orledge will be obvious.

The back part of the gas-duct 10 is formed, as to its lower part by acurved tile, 10X, and as to its upper part by a water-back, 17. Both ofthese features are clearly shown in Fig. 1. In stoves of this class, sofar as I am aware, water-backs have not been employed owing to thedifficulty of getting heat enough when situated in the usual place atthe front of the tire-box.

In burning soft coal it is not usual to elnploy mica windows as the micais liable to become coated with soot so as to lose its transparency; andin the case of a stove havingl a transverse air-d uct, it is verydesirable to have some means of inspecting the gas-duct or flue 10without having to raise one of the lids, or pot-hole covers, 9b. To thisend I provide the stove with a mica. window, 18, at its side and in theend ofthe flue or gas-duct 10. In carry ing out this construction (seen.best in Figs. 7 and 8) I attach to the stoveor form integrallytherewith-an inclined trunk, 18X, which opens into the stove through theside wall thereof. In the outer end of this trunk and covering theopening in the same, is the mica window 1S. The plateof mica is clampedbetween two frames, 18 and 18h, the latter being cut away at its lowerside to leave or form a restricted air-inlet under the edge of the mica.I find that the trunk 18 prevents the smoke from getting to the mica anddepositing soot thereon, and that the air entering (see arrow in Fig. 7)under the mica also assists in attaining the same end by creating acurrent inwardly through the trunk.

In order to facilitate slicing or stirring the fire in the chamber 7without interfering with the draft, I provide in the top-plate of thestove (see Fig. 2) a poke-hole, 19, covered by a wicket, 20, hinged tothe top-plate. I pre fer to recess the wicket in the top-plate, and toarrange the recess at the front edge of the stove so that the wicket maybe turned out'- ward, laterally, as seen in Fig. 2.

For a cooking stove, which is adapted to be set with either side next toa wall, I prefer to provide two mica windows 18, and two wicketcoveredpoke-holes 19. This duplication is seen in Fig. 2, in which figure oneof the wickets is shown displaced.

The preferred construction of the charging door is illustrated in Figs.1l and 12, although the construction seen in Figs. 9 and 10 issuhstantially the same.

Referring rst to Figs. 10, 11 and 12,-the door proper is formed of twoplates, having apertures for the mica windows, 21, which are clamped andheld between the plates at their corners only, as seen where the outerplate of the door is broken away in Fig. 10 about one of the windows.Except at the corners, the margins of the openings are heveled, as seenat 21, in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, so as to form restricted air-inlets aboutthe mica at its four sides. On the innerface of the door is mounted aSlide, 22, having in it apertures adapted to register with the windows21, and trunks, 23, projecting inwardly from about each aperture. .Thesetrunks do not interfere with the inspection of the fire, and they,together with the air entering about the mica, prevent the access ofsmoke to the latter. As the volume of smoke is excessive at IID IZO

door adjacent to the windows, as seen in Figs.

11 and 12. lf it be desired, however, to cut off the entry of airentirely, the slide 22 may lhe moved still farther vso that it-willclose both the mica windows and the apertures 24.

The construction of Figs. 9 and 10 is precisely the same as that justdescribed eXcept that, owing to the employment of an extra micawindow-three instead of two--the slide 22 cannot be shifted so far andthe air-inlet apertures 24 cannot be employed. Nevertheless, it ispossible in vthis construction to use apertures, 25, which are broughtto register with corresponding apertures, 26, in the slide 22, when thelatter is so shifted as to screen the mica windows. The slide 22 will beoperated in a manner similar to a register slide by a knob, 22x, orequivalent means.

In lieu of hinging the stove-front 14 at its upper edge so that it mayturn up, it may be hinged at one side, so as to swinglike adoor; and inlieu of connecting the hearthplate l5 with said front, itmay be madeseparate so as" to be lifted off and set to one side when the front isto be opened. These constructions are clearly illustrated in Figs. 5 and6. Either of the constructions illustrated in the several gures may beemployed.

The apertures 14a, in the stove-front 14, may be left open or furnishedwith a register slide, 14, at the option ofthe maker. In thedrawings-Figs. 1, 3 and 6-I have represented such a slide somewhatdiagrammatically. Y

The valves-plates 13X in the bed or bottom 13 neednot occupy the entirebed, nor need they Aloe so wide, relatively, as represented in Fig. 1.In Fig. 5 they are represented as narrower and occupying a place at thefront of the bed only.

I do not wish to limit myself to the specific construction shown herein,in all respects as this may be varied to some extent without departingmaterially from my invention. For example, as the air-duct `S issupported in the linings 11, it is not absolutely essential that itshall be secured to the plate 9 at the top. The linings of the front 14,and indeed of the entire fuel-chamber, might be of metal, but tire-tilesare preferred.

The removable front 1,4 may be secured in any known manner to thestove-frame but I prefer to hinge it. is to throw open the-fuel magazineso that coke and unburned coal may be readily removed. 1:

The frame about the mica inthe door (Figs. 9 and 10) may be recessed inany convenient manner to allow air to enter. f

The function of this front- The back wall of the gas-duct or flue 10 hasan ogee form` to properly direct the fiames and gases, and if thewater-back 17 be omitted, a'

tile or plate of the stituted therefor.

Having thus described vmy invention, I claim- 1. A stove or range havinga fuel-magazine, a flue 10, and a hollow partition of metal separatingsaid fuel-magazine from said flue, said partition having a rounded,convex contour at its lower edge and perforations in said rounded edge,and furnished with an integral, curved tile which tits about andvcverssaid rounded part, the tile having perforations which co-incide withthose in the partition,

proper form should be subas set forth.

2. A stove or range having a fuel-magazine and flue 10, and a transverseair-ductand partition which separates the fuel-magazine from the flue10, said duct being suspended from a removable section ofthe top-plateof the stove or range in front of the front pot-holes, substantially asset forth.

3. A stove or range having a fuel-magazine and flue 10, and providedwith a divided topplate one section of which is arranged in front of thefront pot-holes, and a removable, transverse air-duct and partitionwhich is arranged underl said front section and separates thefuel-magazine from the flue lO, substantially as set forth. I

4. A stove or range having a fuel-chamber therein provided with atransverse air-duct 8,

IOO

the top-plate of the stove having air-inlets 9a, v

to admit air to said pocket.

5. The combination with a stove orrrange having in it a fuel-chamber, ofthe metal airduct 8, extending transversely across said chamber, saidduct being provided at its narrow, lower part with a protecting tile 8x,and at its upper part with a pocket 8b, extending toward the front ofthe stove and adapted 1to receive air through apertures in the stovetop.

6. A stove or range for burning bituminous coal, having a fuel-magazine,a transverse airduct and partition, and a gas-iiue 10, back of saidpartition, the back wall of said flue being formed of a curved tile 10x,at its lower part, and a Water-back 17, above said tile and restingthereon, as set forth.

7. A stove or range for burning bituminous coal, having a fuel-magazine,a transverse airduct and partition, a gas-flue 10, back of said duct,and an imperforate bed or bottom 13 provided with two or morerotativelymounted valve-plates 13x, adapted for independent operation,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. Astove or range for burning bituminous coal, havingafuel-magazine,atransverse airduct and partition, a gas-fine back of said' duct, acharging door and an imperforate tire-bed, and having a hinged front 14,extending from the tire-bed up nearly to the charging door and linedWith'a refractory tile,

said front forming the front wall of the fuelu chamber, substantially asset forth.

9. Astove or range for burning bituminous coal, having a fuel-magazine,a transverse airduct and partition, a gas-flue back of said duct, acharging door and an imperforate fire-bed, and having a front 14, whichextends from the fire-bed up nearly to the charging door, said frontbeing hinged at its upper edge, connected at its lower edge to thehearthplate 15, and lined with refractory tiles or material,substantially as set forth.

10. Astoveorrangeforburningbituminous coal, having a front 14, for thefuel-chamber, hinged to the stove-front and a projecting lip 1X belowthe charging door, the said front 14 having air-inlets 14a, and a tileon its inner face with recesses 14, which register with the inlets 14aand open out of the upper edge of the tile under the lip lx,substantially as set forth.

' 11. A stove or range having a fuel-magazine 7, at its front part, thetop-plate of said magazine having a wicket-recess at its front edge anda poke-hole 19 of small size in said recess, and having a coveringwicket 20, set in said recess so as to close said poke-hole normally,said wicket being adapted to swing ontot` said recess toward the frontfor uncovering the poke-hole, as set forth.

12. A stove for burning bituminous coal having in its side at thetop-plate an aperture provided with an inclined trunk 18", and apeep-window 1S, of mica at the outer end of said trunk, substantially asset forth.

13. Astoveorrangeforburningbituminous coal, having a transverse air-ductand a gaslue 10, back of said duct, and having also a peep-window ofmica in the side of the stove at the end of said fine, said window beingsituated at about the level of the top of the stove, substantially asset forth.

14. A stove or range for burning bituminous coal, having a charging doorprovided with a mica window and having an apertnred sliding screenmounted on the inner face of the door and adapted to be moved into andont of register with said window, said screen having a trunk '23, at theaperture therein, sub stantially as set forth.

15. A stove or range for burning bituminous coal, having a charging doorprovided with a mica window having passages for air about the mica, andhaving an apertured slide, 2:2,

mounted on the inner face of the door and p provided with a trunk 23about the aperture therein, said slide being adapted to pnt the aperturetherein into or out of register with the mica window, substantially assetV forth.

16. A stove or range having a fuel-magazine, a gas-flue 10, and atransverse, pendent, hollow partition between said magazine andgas-flue, the back wall of said gas-flue having the peculiar ogee formshown, that is, a concavity at its lower part and a substantiallyvertical middle portion, whereby the gases are deiiected upward, and abackwardly flared upper part, all as set forth.

17. Astoveorrangeforburningbituminous coal, having a fuel-magazine 7,and a trans- Verse air-duct and partition at the rear of same, and havinga removable front between the rebed and the charging door which frontforms the front wall of the fuel-magazine and extends clown to thefire-bed, whereby the fire-box may be opened for the removal of coke andunbnrned fuel.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EDWIN R. CAHOONE.

Witnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, PETER A. Ross.

